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高中常考英语短语解析(H2)
环亚外国语学校英语单词速记研究中心
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hang one’s head（因羞、难堪而）低头：
The boy hung his head when his mother asked him if he had broken the glass. 当母亲问他玻璃杯是不是他打碎的时候，那男孩窘得把头低了下来。
hang together团结一致；前后照应；首尾连贯：
We all should hang together. 我们应该团结一致。
These two assertions do not hang together. 这两种说法互相矛盾。
hung up挂断电话，挂断，晾晒：
She was so angry she hung up on me. 她气得挂断我的电话。
He hung up his coat. 他把大衣挂起来。
happen along碰巧出现，正好到来：
A swarm of bees happened along. 偶然飞来一群蜜蜂。
He happened along when I missed him. 当我想他时，他正好来了。
happen in偶然来到；碰巧进来；发生在••••••：
She happened in just as we were talking of her. 正当我们谈到她的时候，她走了进来。
The traffic accident happened in night. 那起交通事故发生在夜间。
happen in with偶然遇见，和••••邂逅：
I’m glad to happed in with you here. 能在这儿碰到你我很高兴。
happen on / upon偶然遇见，碰到：
Can you guess whom I happened on today? 你能猜出我今天碰到了谁了吗？
I happened upon this curious fact. 我偶然发现这件奇事。
happen to碰巧，偶然（后接动词不定式）；发生于（后接名词或代词）：
I happened to hear that news. 我碰巧听到那个消息。
用法导航
happen to（＋名词），happed to（＋不定式）：是一条习语，意为“临到，发生于”，其中to是介词，后接表示人或事物的的名词或代词，主语通常是anything, something, what等。happen后亦可接动词不定式，表示“恰好，碰巧”，happen 后接动词不定式时，主语必须是表示人的名词或代词，这一点和happen to（发生）是有区别的。例如：
We happened to be only three miles from the plant. 我们恰好离厂只有三英里。
hard and fast严格的，不能变动的：
It was a hard and fast contract. 那是一份丝毫不得变更的合约。
These are hard and fast rules. 这些规定不能变动。
hard at it专心致志于某事：
He’s been hard at it all afternoon and expects to finish by 8 o’clock. 他整整一下午一直在干那事，想赶在八点前把它结束掉。
hard by在附近，在旁边：
He lives hard by. 他住在附近。
hard done by受到不公平的对待：
The little boy cried bitterly as if he had been hard done by. 那个小男孩好像受了委屈似的，号啕大哭起来。
hard hit受到严重打击：
Factory workers were hard hit by the economic crisis. 工人们深受经济危机的打击。
hard of hearing听觉不灵：
He’s hard of hearing, and you’ll have to speak up. 他耳朵不便，你讲话的声音得高一点。
hard on对•••••很苛刻；对••••损害得很厉害；接近：
The boss is hard on his employees. 老板对雇员很刻薄。
He is hard on eighty. 他接近八十高龄了。
hard on one’ nerves对某人神经刺激很大：
The news is hard on her nerves. 这条消息对她刺激很大。
hard put (to it)为难，陷入困境：
They were hard put (to it) to solve this problem but they succeeded. 他们起先对那个问题感到为难，但最终还是解决了。
hard up经济困难，手头拮据：
I am hard up now. 我现在手头拮据。
hard up for 缺少，缺乏••••••：
I am hard up for money now. 我现在经济十分拮据。
hardly any几乎没有：
Better put off the outing or cancel it. Hardly any of us actually feel like going today. 最好将郊游推迟或取消，我们中间今天实际上几乎没人想去。
hardly ever很少：
I hardly even get to see him nowadays; he must be very busy. 近来我很少看到他，他一定很忙吧。
hardly … when … 刚•••••就••••••；一••••••就•••••
We had hardly got on the train when it began to pull out. 我们刚上火车，火车就开动了。
用法导航
(1) hardly为表示否定意义的副词，位于句首时，句子主谓要倒装。在hardly … when … 句型中，通常主句使用过去完成时态。When从句中使用一般过去时。例如： Hardly had we got to the cinema when the film began. 我们刚到电影院，电影就开始了。
(2) hardly … when … 与no sooner … than … 同义，互相通用。
have a baby生孩子：
She had a baby last night. 她昨晚生了一个孩子。
have a bone to pick同（某人）有争论，对（某人）有不满之处：
I have a bone to pick with you. can you explain why you come so late? 我倒想问问你。你能不能讲讲你为什么来这么晚？
have a bug about sth. 热衷于某事：
He always has a bug about collecting stamps. 他一直都爱好集邮。
have a care 做事谨慎：
Have a care what you are going to say. 你讲话应谨慎些。
You should have a care not to lose anything on your trip. 一路上要当心，别把什么东西丢了。
have a cold伤风；感冒：
He has a cold for days. 他感冒好几天了。
用法导航
（1） 患感冒说法很多：catch (a) cold, take (a) cold, get a cold, have a cold, have the flu.
（2） 与catch 和take搭配的前面有无a 均可，但cold 当前有形容词的修饰时，则全需用a,如：each / take / get / have a bad cold. 这些短语中有have a cold相当于延续性动词，可以和表示一段时间的状语用于肯定句的完成时态中。例如：
正：He has had a cold for days.
误：He has caught /taken / for a cold for days.
have a finger in the / every pie染指；干预；参与（某事）：
It’s none of your business, there’s no need for you to have a finger in the pie. 这件事与你无关，用不着你插手。
Why should you try to have a finger in every pie? 你干嘛什么事情都要插上脚？
have a free hand得以自由行动或自行处理：
No one should be allowed to have a free hand in a matter of such vital importance. 这样重要的事情谁也不准自作主张。
have a go/ shot at尝试一下；试试看：
I know it will be difficult, but I’ll have a go at it. 我知道那件事很难，不过我还是想试一试。
have a good head for 有•••••的才能：
They tell me Mary has a good head for maths. 他们告诉我玛丽有数学天才。
have a (good) head on one’s shoulders有才能，有见识：
Mr. Li has a good head on his shoulders and is experienced in his job. 李先生有才干，干工作了很有经验。
have a good / great mind to do sth. 很想干某事：
I have a good mind to speak frankly to him. 我很想找他真诚地谈一谈。
have a good time愉快：
Everyone had a good time at dinner. 每人在吃晚饭时都很愉快。
用法导航
这条短语中的time前可有不同的定语。例如：big ,wonderful等；短语中的have在这里是“经历”的意思。
have a good trip一路顺风：
May you have a good trip. 祝你一路顺风。
have a hand / part in sth. 参加某事：
All of the villagersm, old and young, had a hand in flood prevention. 全体村民，不分老幼都参加了防洪工作。
have a headache头疼：
He has a headache yesterday, so he stayed at home, 汤姆昨天头疼，所以他呆在家里。
用法导航
(1) headache是可数名词有单、复数形式。例如： Do you often have headaches? 你经常头痛吗？
(2) Toothache, backache, stomachache等通常用作不可数名词，但在美国英语中也说a toothache等。
have a heart发发慈悲；做做好事：
Have a heart! I’ll need your help to finish all this work tonight. 做做好事吧！我需要你帮忙才能在今晚完成这件事。
have a job doing / to do sth. 费力做某事：
It was so crowded in the room that we had quite a job getting in. 房间里挤满了人，我们好不容易才挤了进去。
have a look看一看：
I had a look at the’s homework and found many mistakes. 我看了一眼男孩的作业，发现了许多错误。
用法导航
(1) have可一个由动词转换而来的名词构成短语，其用法与该动词基本相同。这样的短语还有：have a wash（洗一洗），have a try（试一次），have a smoke（抽支烟），have a drink（喝杯酒），have a walk（散散步），have a dance（跳一曲），have a sit – down（坐一坐）等。
(2) 这类短语中的have有时也可用take, make, pay 等代替，如take a bath（洗个澡），make a call（打个电话），pay a visit（访问）等。
(3) 这类短语一般表示一个短时间的动作。试比较：
We often had a swim in the afternoon. 我们常在下午去游泳。
We swam all afternoon. 那天我们游一下午的泳。
have a match举行（进行）一场比赛：
Our school will have a match with their school. 我们学校将与他们学校举行一场比赛。
用法导航
have a meeting开会：
They are going to have a meeting this afternoon. 他们下午要开一个会。
用法导航
have a meeting与hold a meeting同义。
have a rest休息一会儿：
The bell rings, let’s have a rest. 铃响了，让我们休息一下吧。
have a rough time吃苦；受难；艰难：
John is having a rough time now that he’s lost his job. 约翰失业了，他的日子真够艰难的。
have a / one’s say有发言的权利；有权参加讨论：
Don’t interrupt him, let him have a / his say. 别打断他，让他把话讲完。
have a second string to one’s bow作两手准备；有后备亦作have two strings to one’s how:
You’d better have a second string to your bow, just in case! 你最好作两手准备，以防万一嘛！
have a soft/ warm spot in one’s heart for sb特别喜欢某人；对某人有好感；爱上某人：
She has a soft spot in her heart for her youngest daughter. 她特别溺爱她的小女儿。
have a swim游泳：
It’s very hot outside. Let’s have a swim. 天气很热，让我们游泳吧。
用法导航
下面两句与例句意思大致相同。Shall we go swimming this afternoon? Shall we go swimming this afternoon? 今天下午我们去游泳好吗？
have a test进行测验（考查，试验）：
We will have a test on new words next Monday. 我们下星期一要进行单词测验。
用法导航
Have a test与have an examination同义，都指学生参加考试。教师举行考试是give a test, 例如：The teacher gave us a test in maths. 老师对我们进行了一次数学考试。
have a thing about对•••••有一种病态的惧怕或厌恶，对••••••特别迷恋（或感兴趣）：
John’s had a thing about all dogs ever since he was bitten by one. 在被一条狗咬过之后约翰一看见狗就十分惧怕。
The old man has a thing about stamps. 那位老人对邮票的兴趣甚浓。
have a time 有困难，费力的：
The mother had a time trying to get the children to go to bed. 母亲费了好大的劲才把孩子们哄睡。
have a time of it过着艰苦的日子；受苦受难：
When their parents died, the oldest of the five orphans was only 14, so if not for the help of the government they would certainly have had a time of it. 父母去世时，五个孤儿中最大的也不过十四岁，要不是政府的帮助，他们的日子可真难熬啊！
have a voice in sth. 对某事有发言权：
Both the teacher s and the students should have a voice in the way the course should be conducted. 对怎样把这门功课教好，教师和学生都应有发言权。
have a way with能领导，说服或影响；对••••••有办法：
Miss Li will be a good teacher, because she has a way with children.李小姐管理孩子们很有办法，他一定能成为一名好教师。
have a word in sb’s ear悄悄地跟某人讲句话：
Could you stay just a minute? I want to have a word in your ear. 你留一会儿好吗？我有句话要单独跟你谈。
have a word with sb. 和某人说句话：
Don’t hurry, I want to have a word with my mother. 别着急，我要同我妈妈说句话。
用法导航
have a word with sb. 与have a few words with sb, 和have a talk with sb. 同义，have a word with, have words with, have word: have a word是“与人谈谈”，这种谈话往往很随便，不是十分详尽；而have words with是“与人互相争吵”。
Don’t have words with each other. 不要互相争吵。
have word是“听到新闻或消息”。例如：
We had word the meeting had been put off until next week. 我们听说会议已延期到下周举行。
have an ear for对••••••听觉灵敏：
The girl has an ear for music. 那位姑娘对音乐很有欣赏能力。
have an ear to the ground注意看动向；倾听舆论；留心可能发生的事：
Ask Mr. Wang. He’s sure to know what’s going on, he always has an ear to the ground. 去问五先生他肯定知道出了什么事，因为他是包打听。
have an/ the edge on sb. 胜过某人；比某人占优势：
In typing, Mr. Zhang has an edge on everyone else. 论打字，张先生比谁都强。
have an eye for对••••••有眼力；对••••••有识别能力：
She has an eye for colour. She always chooses colours that go well together. 她对颜色很有鉴赏能力，她配的颜色总是那么和谐。
have an eye to特别注意某事；考虑到某事：
Have an eye to idiomatic ways of saying things when you do your reading. 阅读时，请注意那些习惯语。
have an eye to the main chance图谋私利；为私利打算：
She visited her rich aunt frequently, she always had an eye to the main chance. 她经常去看望那位阔姑妈，总想碰机会捞点好处。
have an open mind on sth. 虚心接受或听取某事；对某事不抱成见：
She always has an open mind on the suggestions from the masses. 她总是虚心接受来自群众的建议。
have ants in one’s pants紧张；坐立不安：
You seem to have ants in your pants today. Is there anything wrong? 你今天看上去有点心神不定，出什么事了吗？
have breakfast / lunch / supper吃早饭（午饭，晚饭）：
I usually have breakfast at 7 o’clock. 我通常早上七点吃早饭。
have / get cold feet害怕起来；胆怯起来：
You agreed to come with us. It’s no time to have cold feet now. 你同意跟我们一道来的，现在可不是害怕的时候。
have designs on暗地企图加于；对•••••抱不良用心：
John had designs on Robert’s job. 约翰图谋得到罗伯特的工作。
have done搞完，做完：
When you have done, I’d like to have a chat with you. 你做完后，我和你聊聊。
have done with做完（某事）；不再与（某人）联系：
When you have done with the latest issue of Beijing Review, please return it to the library. 最近一期《北京周报》你读完后，请还给图书馆。
I’ve found he lied to me, so I’ve decided to have done with him. 我发觉他对我说谎，因此我决定同他断交。 |
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